自学教程：使用tkinter实现三子棋游戏

import tkinter as tkfrom tkinter import messagebox, Label, Buttonfrom TicTacToeModel import TicTacToeModelimport requestsfrom PIL import ImageTk, Imagefrom io import BytesIO  class TicTacToeGUI:  def __init__(self, root):  # Create the model instance ...  self.model = TicTacToeModel()   # Create a 2D list to hold an array of buttons ...  self.b = []  for row in range(self.model.boardSize):   q = []   for col in range(self.model.boardSize):    q.append(None)   self.b.append(q)  # You can now address b like a 2D matrix e.g. b[0][0]   # Create the GUI .....  menubar = tk.Menu()   menubar.add_command(label='ResetGame', command=self.resetGUI)  menubar.add_command(label='ResetImage', command=self.resetImg)  menubar.add_command(label='Quit', command=root.destroy)  root.config(menu=menubar)  self.frame1 = tk.Frame(root, width=400, height=300, bg="GREY", borderwidth=2)  self.frame2 = tk.Frame(root, width=400, height=200, bg="WHITE", borderwidth=2)  self.createGUIAssets()  self.createframe2()  self.frame2.pack()  self.frame1.pack()   messagebox.showinfo("Hello", "Human player to start!")  def getImg(self):  headers = {   'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.104 Safari/537.36'  }  # img_src = ' https://api.ixiaowai.cn/api/api.php'  img_src = ' https://api.ixiaowai.cn/gqapi/gqapi.php'  response = requests.get(url=img_src, headers=headers)  # print(response)  image = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content))  x, y = image.size  y_s = 200  x_s = int(x * y_s / y)  img = image.resize((x_s, y_s), Image.ANTIALIAS)  image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)  return image  def resetImg(self):  self.image = self.getImg()  self.Label.config(image=self.image)  def createframe2(self):  self.image = self.getImg()  self.Label = tk.Label(self.frame2, image=self.image)  self.Label.pack()  # image.show()  def createGUIAssets(self):  for x in range(self.model.boardSize):   self.frame1.columnconfigure(x, pad=20)   self.frame1.grid_rowconfigure(x, pad=20)   for row in range(self.model.boardSize):   for col in range(self.model.boardSize):    self.b[row][col] = Button(self.frame1, text='', bg='WHITE',           relief='groove', borderwidth=20,           height=3, width=8,           command=lambda row=row, col=col: self.takeTurn(row, col))    self.b[row][col].grid(row=row, column=col)  def takeTurn(self, row, col):  if not self.model.playSpace(row, col):   return  else:   self.b[row][col].configure(bg="Green")   status = self.model.checkWinStatus()   if status == 1: # Player win    messagebox.showinfo("Result", "Player wins!!!!")    self.resetGUI()   elif status == 0: # Draw    messagebox.showinfo("Result", "Draw!!!!")    self.resetGUI()   elif status == -2: # On going ...    (r, c) = self.model.computerTurn()    self.b[r][c].configure(bg='red')    if self.model.checkWinStatus() == -1:     messagebox.showinfo("Result", "Computer wins!!!!")     self.resetGUI()   else:    # Should not get here ...    pass  def resetGUI(self):  for row in range(self.model.boardSize):   for col in range(self.model.boardSize):    self.b[row][col].configure(bg='WHITE')  # And reset the model ...  self.model.resetBoard()  self.resetImg()  def main(): win = tk.Tk() # Create a window win.title("noughts-and-crosses") # Set window title win.geometry("400x580") # Set window size win.resizable(False, False) # Both x and y dimensions ...  # Create the GUI as a Frame # and attach it to the window ... myApp = TicTacToeGUI(win)  # Call the GUI mainloop ... win.mainloop()  if __name__ == "__main__": main()

import numpy as npimport random  class TicTacToeModel: """ The board is represented as 2D numpy array.  A player marks their space with a 1, the  computer with a -1"""  def __init__(self):  """Create the board as a 2D matrix"""  self.resetBoard()  def resetBoard(self):  self.boardSize = 3  a = (self.boardSize, self.boardSize)  self.board = np.zeros(a)  def playSpace(self, row, col):  """User plays a space  Return True if space can be played, False otherwise"""  if row > self.boardSize or row < 0 /    or col > self.boardSize or col < 0:   return False  else:   # Check if space is occupied ...   if self.board[row][col] != 0:    return False   else:    self.board[row][col] = 1    return True  def checkWinStatus(self):  """ Looks for 3 in a row, column or diagonal   Return 0 if draw, 1 if the player has won   and -1 if the computer has won, and -2 is the game is   ongoing"""  # Check the columns ...  for row in range(self.boardSize):   sum = 0   for col in range(self.boardSize):    sum += self.board[row][col]   if sum == 3:    return 1   elif sum == -3:    return -1  # Check the rows ...  for col in range(self.boardSize):   sum = 0   for row in range(self.boardSize):    sum += self.board[row][col]   if sum == 3:    return 1   elif sum == -3:    return -1   # Check the diagonals ...  sum1 = 0  sum2 = 0  for diag in range(self.boardSize):   sum1 += self.board[diag][diag]   sum2 += self.board[diag][self.boardSize - 1 - diag]  if sum1 == 3 or sum2 == 3:   return 1  elif sum1 == -3 or sum2 == -3:   return -1   # Check for incomplete game ...  for row in range(self.boardSize):   for col in range(self.boardSize):    if self.board[row][col] == 0:     return -2   # If we get here, it's a draw ...  return 0  def computerTurn(self):  """ The computer chooses an unoccupied   space at random. Returns a tuple   (row, col) when chosen"""  # To prevent infinite loops ....  if self.checkWinStatus() != -2:   return (-1, -1)  played = False   while played == False:   row = random.randrange(self.boardSize)   col = random.randrange(self.boardSize)   if self.board[row][col] == 0:    self.board[row][col] = -1    played = True   return (row, col)  def main(): # Basic check that the game works ... # You can expand this if you like ... game = TicTacToeModel()  game.playSpace(0, 0) (r, c) = game.computerTurn() print(game.board) print(game.checkWinStatus())  if __name__ == "__main__": main()