这篇教程基于Python绘制一个摸鱼倒计时界面写得很实用，希望能帮到您。
前言前段时间在微博看到一段摸鱼人的倒计时模板，感觉还挺有趣的。 
于是我用了一小时的时间写了个页面出来 摸鱼办地址 (当然是摸鱼的时间啦)。 模板是这样的: 摸鱼办公室 【摸鱼办公室】今天是 2021-11-30 星期二 你好，摸鱼人，工作再累，一定不要忘记摸鱼哦 ! 有事没事起身去茶水间去廊道去天台走走，别老在工位上坐着。多喝点水，钱是老板的，但命是自己的 ! 距离 周末 放假还有 2 天 距离 元旦 放假还有 3 天 距离 过年 放假还有 34 天 距离 清明节 放假还有 97 天 距离 劳动节 放假还有 123 天 距离 端午节 放假还有 156 天 距离 中秋节 放假还有 255 天 距离 国庆节 放假还有 276 天 - 由于前端是单页面服务，直接撸一个原始的 html 网页就行。
- FastAPI 对于异步请求是一把好手、更轻、性能更佳。
- 挂上一层 Nginx 让它看起来像那么回事儿。
实现过程首先要知道、除了静态文字之外的比如当前日期、距离节日放假的天数等都是动态返回的，我需要使用 Jinja2 模板进行动态绑定。 我应该把重点放在时间的处理上。 而且在这个模板中，有阳历的节日，也是阴历的节日，我需要转换。 初始化一个 FastAPI 对象并声明静态页面的模板目录 (Jinja2Templates) # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import datetime from fastapi import FastAPI, Request from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date app = FastAPI( debug=False, title="My API", docs_url="/docs", openapi_url=f"/openapi.json" ) templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates") 可以看到的是我用到了 zhdate 这个库、主要用于阴历和阳历之间的相互转换。用法如下 today = datetime.date.today() print(today.year, today.month, today.day) print("大年时间: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date()) print("端午时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date()) print("中秋时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date()) print("元旦时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01") print("清明时间: ", f"{today.year}-04-05") print("劳动时间: ", f"{today.year}-05-01") print("国庆时间: ", f"{today.year}-10-01") 我们可以梳理一下: 计算距离 大年、元旦 的天数时，要在年份上 +1 计算距离 其他节日 的天数时，要判断天数差是否小于 0，如果是，则年份需要 +1，因为已经过去的节日对此没有意义 distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else ( lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else ( lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days 怎么样? 我的命名足够疯狂吧。 接下来需要计算一下距离周末的天数。 def get_week_day(date): week_day_dict = { 0: '星期一', 1: '星期二', 2: '星期三', 3: '星期四', 4: '星期五', 5: '星期六', 6: '星期天', } day = date.weekday() return week_day_dict[day] week_day_ = get_week_day(today) print(f"今天是: {week_day_}") # 先获取今天是星期几 按照每周 5 个工作日计算，今天距离周末的天数就是 5 - today.weekday() # today.weekday() 今天距离周末 现在将所有的数据组装起来 time_ = [ {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距离元旦 {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "过年"}, # 距离过年 {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明节"}, # 距离清明 {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "劳动节"}, # 距离劳动 {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午节"}, # 距离端午 {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋节"}, # 距离中秋 {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "国庆节"}, # 距离国庆 ] 至于为什么是 List 而不是 Dict，那是我需要做一个根据距离天数的排序，让最先放假的节日放于最前面， 这样看起来会舒服得多。 time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False) 接下来要写一个 路由，将数据传入到 html 页面中去。 @app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse) async def readme(request: Request): return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html", {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_}) 来看一下完整的代码 (main.py): # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import datetime from fastapi import FastAPI, Request from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates from zhdate import ZhDate as lunar_date app = FastAPI( debug=False, title="My API", docs_url=f"/docs", openapi_url=f"/openapi.json" ) templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates") today = datetime.date.today() # print(today.year, today.month, today.day) # print("大年时间: ", lunar_date(today.year+1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date()) # print("端午时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date()) # print("中秋时间: ", lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date()) # print("元旦时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-01-01") # print("清明时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-04-05") # print("劳动时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-05-01") # print("国庆时间: ", f"{today.year+1}-10-01") distance_big_year = (lunar_date(today.year + 1, 1, 1).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_5_5 = (lunar_date(today.year, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_5_5 = distance_5_5 if distance_5_5 > 0 else ( lunar_date(today.year + 1, 5, 5).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_8_15 = (lunar_date(today.year, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_8_15 = distance_8_15 if distance_8_15 > 0 else ( lunar_date(today.year + 1, 8, 15).to_datetime().date() - today).days distance_year = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-01-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_4_5 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_4_5 = distance_4_5 if distance_4_5 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-04-05", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_5_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_5_1 = distance_5_1 if distance_5_1 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-05-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_10_1 = (datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days distance_10_1 = distance_10_1 if distance_10_1 > 0 else ( datetime.datetime.strptime(f"{today.year + 1}-10-01", "%Y-%m-%d").date() - today).days def get_week_day(date): week_day_dict = { 0: '星期一', 1: '星期二', 2: '星期三', 3: '星期四', 4: '星期五', 5: '星期六', 6: '星期天', } day = date.weekday() return week_day_dict[day] # print("距离大年: ", distance_big_year) # print("距离端午: ", distance_5_5) # print("距离中秋: ", distance_8_15) # print("距离元旦: ", distance_year) # print("距离清明: ", distance_4_5) # print("距离劳动: ", distance_5_1) # print("距离国庆: ", distance_10_1) # print("距离周末: ", 5 - today.weekday()) now_ = f"{today.year}年{today.month}月{today.day}日" week_day_ = get_week_day(today) time_ = [ {"v_": 5 - 1 - today.weekday(), "title": "周末"}, # 距离周末 {"v_": distance_year, "title": "元旦"}, # 距离元旦 {"v_": distance_big_year, "title": "过年"}, # 距离过年 {"v_": distance_4_5, "title": "清明节"}, # 距离清明 {"v_": distance_5_1, "title": "劳动节"}, # 距离劳动 {"v_": distance_5_5, "title": "端午节"}, # 距离端午 {"v_": distance_8_15, "title": "中秋节"}, # 距离中秋 {"v_": distance_10_1, "title": "国庆节"}, # 距离国庆 ] time_ = sorted(time_, key=lambda x: x['v_'], reverse=False) @app.get("/", response_class=HTMLResponse) async def readme(request: Request): return templates.TemplateResponse("readme.html", {"request": request, "time_": time_, "now_": now_, "week_day_": week_day_}) if __name__ == '__main__': import uvicorn uvicorn.run(app='main:app', host="0.0.0.0", port=8080, reload=True) 最后就到了 html 页面部分了，来看一下主要的传值。 |
