自学教程：python获取linux和windows系统指定接口的IP地址的步骤及代码

import netifaces as ni# import winreg as wr# 将windows下的接口的名称和唯一ID一一对应存入字典并返回def get_connection_name_from_guid(iface_guids):      wr = __import__('winreg', globals(), locals(), ['wr'])    iface_dict = {}    reg = wr.ConnectRegistry(None, wr.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)    reg_key = wr.OpenKey(reg, r'SYSTEM/CurrentControlSet/Control/Network/{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}')    for i in iface_guids:        try:            reg_subkey = wr.OpenKey(reg_key, i + r'/Connection')            iface_dict[wr.QueryValueEx(reg_subkey, 'Name')[0]] = i        except FileNotFoundError:            pass    return iface_dict # 根据输入的接口名称，返回唯一IDdef win_from_name_get_id(ifname):     x = ni.interfaces()    return get_connection_name_from_guid(x).get(ifname)if __name__ == '__main__':    import platform    if platform.system() == "Windows":        print(win_from_name_get_id("WLAN"))

from netifaces import ifaddresses, AF_INET, AF_INET6import platform# 获取接口IPv4地址def get_ip_address(ifname):    if platform.system() == "Linux":        try:        	# AF_INET表示的是IPv4地址(AF_LINK则表示的是MAC地址)            return ifaddresses(ifname)[AF_INET][0]['addr']        except ValueError:            return None    elif platform.system() == "Windows":    	# 需要首先调用win_from_name_get_id函数，获取接口的ID        from win_ifname import win_from_name_get_id        if_id = win_from_name_get_id(ifname)        if not if_id:            return        else:            return ifaddresses(if_id)[AF_INET][0]['addr']    else:        print('操作系统不支持,本脚本只能工作在Windows或者Linux环境!')# 获取接口IPv6地址，和IPv4同理def get_ipv6_address(ifname):    if platform.system() == "Linux":        try:            return ifaddresses(ifname)[AF_INET6][0]['addr']        except ValueError:            return None    elif platform.system() == "Windows":        from win_ifname import win_from_name_get_id        if_id = win_from_name_get_id(ifname)        if not if_id:            return        else:            # 此处依然要提供WIN的网卡ID, 而不是名字            return ifaddresses(if_id)[AF_INET6][0]['addr']    else:        print('操作系统不支持,本脚本只能工作在Windows或者Linux环境!')if __name__ == "__main__":    if platform.system() == "Linux":        print(get_ip_address('ens33'))        print(get_ipv6_address('ens33'))    elif platform.system() == "Windows":        print(get_ip_address('WLAN'))        print(get_ipv6_address('WLAN'))