自学教程：Python实现网络聊天室的示例代码(支持多人聊天与私聊)

import socketimport threadingimport queueimport json # json.dumps(some)打包  json.loads(some)解包import osimport os.pathimport sysIP = '127.0.0.1'PORT = 9999   # 端口messages = queue.Queue()users = []  # 0:userName 1:connectionlock = threading.Lock()def onlines():  # 统计当前在线人员  online = []  for i in range(len(users)):    online.append(users[i][0])  return onlineclass ChatServer(threading.Thread):  global users, que, lock  def __init__(self):     # 构造函数    threading.Thread.__init__(self)    self.s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)    os.chdir(sys.path[0])# 接受来自客户端的用户名，如果用户名为空，使用用户的IP与端口作为用户名。如果用户名出现重复，则在出现的用户名依此加上后缀“2”、“3”、“4”……  def receive(self, conn, addr):       # 接收消息    user = conn.recv(1024)    # 用户名称    user = user.decode()    if user == '用户名不存在':      user = addr[0] + ':' + str(addr[1])    tag = 1    temp = user    for i in range(len(users)):   # 检验重名，则在重名用户后加数字      if users[i][0] == user:        tag = tag + 1        user = temp + str(tag)    users.append((user, conn))    USERS = onlines()    self.Load(USERS,addr)    # 在获取用户名后便会不断地接受用户端发来的消息（即聊天内容），结束后关闭连接。    try:      while True:        message = conn.recv(1024)      # 发送消息        message = message.decode()        message = user + ':' + message        self.Load(message,addr)      conn.close()    # 如果用户断开连接，将该用户从用户列表中删除，然后更新用户列表。    except:        j = 0      # 用户断开连接      for man in users:        if man[0] == user:          users.pop(j)    # 服务器段删除退出的用户          break        j = j+1      USERS = onlines()      self.Load(USERS,addr)      conn.close()# 将地址与数据（需发送给客户端）存入messages队列。  def Load(self, data, addr):    lock.acquire()    try:      messages.put((addr, data))    finally:      lock.release()      # 服务端在接受到数据后，会对其进行一些处理然后发送给客户端，如下图，对于聊天内容，服务端直接发送给客户端，而对于用户列表，便由json.dumps处理后发送。  def sendData(self): # 发送数据    while True:      if not messages.empty():        message = messages.get()        if isinstance(message[1], str):          for i in range(len(users)):            data = ' ' + message[1]            users[i][1].send(data.encode())            print(data)            print('/n')        if isinstance(message[1], list):          data = json.dumps(message[1])          for i in range(len(users)):            try:              users[i][1].send(data.encode())            except:              pass  def run(self):    self.s.bind((IP,PORT))    self.s.listen(5)    q = threading.Thread(target=self.sendData)    q.start()    while True:      conn, addr = self.s.accept()      t = threading.Thread(target=self.receive, args=(conn, addr))      t.start()    self.s.close()if __name__ == '__main__':  cserver = ChatServer()cserver.start()

import socketimport tkinterimport tkinter.messageboximport threadingimport jsonimport tkinter.filedialogfrom tkinter.scrolledtext import ScrolledTextIP = ''PORT = ''user = ''listbox1 = '' # 用于显示在线用户的列表框show = 1 # 用于判断是开还是关闭列表框users = [] # 在线用户列表chat = '------Group chat-------' # 聊天对象#登陆窗口root0 = tkinter.Tk()root0.geometry("300x150")root0.title('用户登陆窗口')root0.resizable(0,0)one = tkinter.Label(root0,width=300,height=150,bg="LightBlue")one.pack()IP0 = tkinter.StringVar()IP0.set('')USER = tkinter.StringVar()USER.set('')labelIP = tkinter.Label(root0,text='IP地址',bg="LightBlue")labelIP.place(x=20,y=20,width=100,height=40)entryIP = tkinter.Entry(root0, width=60, textvariable=IP0)entryIP.place(x=120,y=25,width=100,height=30)labelUSER = tkinter.Label(root0,text='用户名',bg="LightBlue")labelUSER.place(x=20,y=70,width=100,height=40)entryUSER = tkinter.Entry(root0, width=60, textvariable=USER)entryUSER.place(x=120,y=75,width=100,height=30)def Login(*args):	global IP, PORT, user	IP, PORT = entryIP.get().split(':')	user = entryUSER.get()	if not user:		tkinter.messagebox.showwarning('warning', message='用户名为空!')	else:		root0.destroy()loginButton = tkinter.Button(root0, text ="登录", command = Login,bg="Yellow")loginButton.place(x=135,y=110,width=40,height=25)root0.bind('<Return>', Login)root0.mainloop()# 建立连接s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)s.connect((IP, int(PORT)))if user:  s.send(user.encode()) # 发送用户名else:  s.send('用户名不存在'.encode())  user = IP + ':' + PORT# 聊天窗口root1 = tkinter.Tk()root1.geometry("640x480")root1.title('群聊')root1.resizable(0,0)# 消息界面listbox = ScrolledText(root1)listbox.place(x=5, y=0, width=640, height=320)listbox.tag_config('tag1', foreground='red',backgroun="yellow")listbox.insert(tkinter.END, '欢迎进入群聊，大家开始聊天吧!', 'tag1')INPUT = tkinter.StringVar()INPUT.set('')entryIuput = tkinter.Entry(root1, width=120, textvariable=INPUT)entryIuput.place(x=5,y=320,width=580,height=170)# 在线用户列表listbox1 = tkinter.Listbox(root1)listbox1.place(x=510, y=0, width=130, height=320)def send(*args):	message = entryIuput.get() + '~' + user + '~' + chat	s.send(message.encode())	INPUT.set('')sendButton = tkinter.Button(root1, text ="/n发/n/n/n送",anchor = 'n',command = send,font=('Helvetica', 18),bg = 'white')sendButton.place(x=585,y=320,width=55,height=300)root1.bind('<Return>', send)def receive():	global uses	while True:		data = s.recv(1024)		data = data.decode()		print(data)		try:			uses = json.loads(data)			listbox1.delete(0, tkinter.END)			listbox1.insert(tkinter.END, "当前在线用户")			listbox1.insert(tkinter.END, "------Group chat-------")			for x in range(len(uses)):				listbox1.insert(tkinter.END, uses[x])			users.append('------Group chat-------')		except:			data = data.split('~')			message = data[0]			userName = data[1]			chatwith = data[2]			message = '/n' + message			if chatwith == '------Group chat-------':  # 群聊				if userName == user:					listbox.insert(tkinter.END, message)				else:					listbox.insert(tkinter.END, message)			elif userName == user or chatwith == user: # 私聊				if userName == user:					listbox.tag_config('tag2', foreground='red')					listbox.insert(tkinter.END, message, 'tag2')				else:					listbox.tag_config('tag3', foreground='green')					listbox.insert(tkinter.END, message,'tag3')			listbox.see(tkinter.END)r = threading.Thread(target=receive)r.start() # 开始线程接收信息root1.mainloop()s.close()